Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Shuttles
For CNS Drug Delivery

Crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) remains one of the greatest challenges in CNS drug development. Over 98% of small molecules and nearly all biologics fail to efficiently penetrate the BBB, limiting treatment options for diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and brain tumors. BBB shuttle antibodies targeting transport receptors offer a promising strategy to enable therapeutic delivery into the brain.

Leverage Biocytogen’s RenMice® platforms and large-scale in vivo antibody discovery capabilities to access a grab-and-go portfolio of BBB shuttle antibodies for CNS drug delivery. These ready-to-partner assets include fully human monoclonal antibodies, common light chain antibodies, heavy-chain-only antibodies (HCAbs), and VHHs targeting key BBB transport receptors such as TfR1 and CD98, enabling receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) across the BBB.

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Shuttles banner

Key Advantages

Broad Portfolio
TfR1
  • 8 HCAbs (RenNano®)
CD98
  • 46 monoclonal antibodies (RenMab®)
  • 17 common light chain antibodies (RenLite®)
  • 4 HCAbs (RenNano®)
Off-the-Shelf
Assets

Grab-and-go access for immediate licensing and pipeline integration

Proprietary
Biology

RenMice® platforms enable large-scale in vivo discovery of fully human antibodies with diverse epitope coverage and optimized functional profiles

End-to-End
Support

From antibody discovery to in vivo validation in specialized mouse models

Flexible
Partnership
Models

Licensing and co-development options enabling rapid advancement

BBB Shuttle Asset Spotlight

TfR1 (Transferrin Receptor 1) Biology

CD71 (Transferrin Receptor 1, TfR1) mediates cellular uptake of transferrin–iron complexes and is highly expressed on brain endothelial cells. TfR1 is a well-established BBB shuttle target, supporting therapies such as JR-141 for Hunter syndrome and clinical candidates like trontinemab for Alzheimer’s disease.

TfR1 Advantage

Fully Human HCAbs icon

Fully Human
HCabs

8 HCAbs in a compact format with low immunogenicity.

High Affinity & Cross-Reactivity icon

High Affinity &
Cross-Reactivity

High affinity (2–10 nM) with human/cyno cross-reactivity.

Superior In Vivo Brain Penetration icon

Superior In Vivo
Brain Penetration

Lead clone Ab.38 shows a 1.98% brain-to-serum ratio (JR-141 analog: 0.86%), driven by a distinct non-blocking epitope.

Engineering Flexibility icon

Engineering
Flexibility

Maintains BBB penetration with N- or C-terminal fusion. Effective in both monovalent and bivalent fusion formats.

Next-Gen Delivery Vehicles icon

Next-Gen Delivery
Vehicles

DAR1-friendly for site-specific conjugation; suitable for bispecifics and AOCs.

TfR1 Shuttle Data Highlights

Binding Properties
Brain Uptake & Payload Delivery
Strong binding activity to TfR1
Strong binding activity to TfR1
Affinity for human and cyno TfR1
Antibody Human TfR1 KD (M) Cyno TfR1 KD (M)
Ab.3 1E-08 negative
Ab.9 8E-09 2E-08
Ab.10 1E-08 negative
Ab.13 9E-09 negative
Ab.26 2E-09 2E-09
Ab.38 2E-09 1E-09
JR-141 1.7E-10 1E-8

hTFR1: Human TFR1; fTFR1: Macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey) TFR1; mTFR1: Mouse TFR1

TfR1 HCAbs Efficiently Cross the BBB and Deliver Drug Payloads in TfR1 Humanized Mice (B-hTFR1)
TfR1 HCAbs Efficiently Cross the BBB and Deliver Drug Payloads in TfR1 Humanized Mice (B-hTFR1)

(A) Experimental scheme. (B) Human IgG (hIgG) concentrations in whole brain, brain parenchyma, and serum were measured by electrochemiluminescence assay (Meso Scale Discovery). Three of the four TfR1 HCAbs (Ab.38, Ab.26, and Ab.09) showed improved BBB penetration compared with the benchmark antibody JR-141 analog. (C) Ab.38 and Ab.26, conjugated with Dxd, demonstrated greater brain penetration in the monovalent HCAb format than in the bivalent format.

TfR1 HCAb Enables In Vivo Brain Delivery of Antibodies Targeting Secondary Antigens
TfR1 HCAbs Efficiently Cross the BBB and Deliver Drug Payloads in TfR1 Humanized Mice (B-hTFR1)

BBB Shuttle Asset Spotlight

CD98 Biology

CD98 heavy chain (CD98hc; SLC3A2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in amino acid transport. During receptor-mediated transcytosis, macromolecular payloads leveraging CD98 may better evade lysosomal degradation, making it a promising BBB shuttle for next-generation CNS drug delivery.

CD98 Advantage

Fully Human mAbs & HCAbs icon

Fully Human mAbs
& HCabs

A diverse library including 46 monoclonal antibodies, 17 common light chain antibodies, and 4 HCAbs.

High Affinity & Cross-Reactivity icon

High Affinity &
Cross-Reactivity

Single-digit nM affinity with strong human/cyno cross-reactivity.

Superior In Vivo Brain Exposure icon

Superior In Vivo
Brain Exposure

Outperforms advanced industry benchmarks in vivo, with top clones achieving up to 2.73-fold increase in brain AUC.

Longer Brain PK vs. TfR1 icon

Longer Brain PK vs.
TfR1

Extended half-life with brain AUC up to 208%, exceeding traditional TfR1 benchmarks (15%).

Strong Developability icon

Strong
Developability

Robust BBB delivery across diverse formats (bivalent, monovalent, N-Fab, C-scFv) with strong stability and biophysical properties.

CD98 Shuttle Data Highlights

Binding Properties
Brain Uptake
CD98 Antibodies Show Robust Cross-Reactivity to Human and Cynomolgus CD98
CHO-S-hCD98 image
higG1-LALA image
Sample hCD98 EC50(nM) cynoCD98 EC50(nM)
ISO - -
Janssen PC mv 2E+00 2E+01
RN.3N54 bv 2E+01 3E+02
RN.5#9 bv 2E+01 1E+02
RN.7 bv 7E+00 2E+01
RN.8 bv 8E+00 1E+01
RL.12 mv 5E+01 1E+01
RL.19 mv 3E+01 2E+01

Abbreviations: Janssen PC mv: Janssen positive control in monovalent form. mv: monovalent. bv: bivalent. RN: RenNano® HCAbs. RL: RenLite® common light chain antibodies.

CD98 Antibodies Show Increased Brain Exposure Compared with Benchmark in CD98hc Humanized Mice (B-hCD98hc)
CD98 Antibodies Show Increased Brain Exposure Compared with Benchmark in CD98hc Humanized Mice (B-hCD98hc)
Sample PC mv ISO RN.5#9 bv RN.3N54 bv RN.7 bv RN.8 bv RL.12 mv
Brain PK AUC (fold vs. PC mv) 100% 4% 155% 273% 95% 142% 232%

(A) Experimental scheme. (B) Brain concentrations of CD98 antibodies were measured after dosing in B-hCD98hc humanized mice. RN.3N54 bv, RL.12 mv, RN.5#9 bv, and RN.8 bv showed increased brain exposure compared with the Janssen positive control (PC). ISO: nanobody negative control; mv: monovalent; bv: bivalent; RN: RenNano® HCAbs; RL: RenLite® common light chain antibodies.

CD98 Enables Dramatically Longer Brain Exposure than TfR1 Shuttles
CD98 Enables Dramatically Longer Brain Exposure than TfR1 Shuttles
Sample ISO CD71-JR141 CD71-Ab.26 mv CD71-Ab.38 mv CD98-Janssen PC mv CD98-RN.3N54 bv CD98-RL.12 mv CD98-RL.19 mv
Brain PK AUC (fold vs. CD98-PC) 3% 15% 32% 32% 100% 187% 157% 208%

Brain concentrations of CD98 and TfR1 antibodies were measured after dosing in B-hTFR1/hCD98hc humanized mice. ISO: nanobody negative control; mv: monovalent; bv: bivalent; RN: RenNano® HCAbs; RL: RenLite® common light chain antibodies.

Advance Your CNS Therapeutic Programs

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